Step-by-step guide: Pit technique

First, obtain permission to dig a pit. Obey any and all safety precautions requested, and ask about power and water lines.

Starting from top, observe profile to determine properties and differences between horizons.
Place golf tee or marker at the top and bottom of each horizon to clearly identify it.
Look for: different colors, shapes, roots, the size and amount of stones, small dark nodules (called concretions), worms, or other small animals and insects, worm channels, and anything else that is noticeable.

Soil Pit Technique